Nature and Nurture

Dr. Maria Ospina is investigating the developmental origins of health disparities, utilizing a multidisciplinary approach that integrates life-course epidemiology, geographic information systems, and mixed-methods research. Central to her research is the exploration of how social experiences—such as stress and socioeconomic factors during pregnancy and early childhood—impact mental health and brain development across the lifespan. As the Canada Research Chair in Life-Course Health Development, Dr. Ospina's research delves into the complex interplay between social determinants and health outcomes, particularly focusing on the critical periods of pregnancy and early childhood. Her current study, which involves 600 pregnant individuals and their babies, examines the effects of chronic stress on maternal and child health, including potential alterations in gut microbiota that may influence neurodevelopment. Her research extends to investigating how socioeconomic factors such as income, ethnicity, and resource access shape dietary choices and their subsequent health impacts across generations.

Through her work, Dr. Ospina aims to identify strategies to mitigate health disparities and promote optimal developmental trajectories for children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Her findings not only advance scientific understanding but also inform policies and interventions designed to improve maternal and child health outcomes globally. The first 2,000 days of a child's life, from birth to their 5^th birthday, are crucial for growth and setting up future health. This time can shape their long-term health, emotions, and brain growth and are also important for the health of parents and the family.